It is now widely accepted that a retailer’s use of strategic inventory can mitigate double marginalization and improve the coordination of a supply chain, potentially benefitting both the downstream retailer and an upstream manufacturer. However, this conclusion has typically been based on the...

We consider a dynamic inventory (production) model with general order (production) costs and excess demand that can be backordered or refused by the firm. A unit backordered incurs a backorder cost, a unit refused incurs a lost sales charge. Endogenizing the sales decision is necessary in the...