Firm level characteristics explain the cross section of investment returns of industry portfolios that include listed and unlisted firms. Moreover, common asset pricing models explain the cross-sectional variation of characteristic-based investment returns which include listed and unlisted...

We show that recent prominent equity factor models are to a large degree compatible with the Merton's (1973) Intertemporal CAPM (ICAPM) framework. Factors associated with alternative profitability measures forecast the equity premium in a way that is consistent with the ICAPM. Several factors...

Leading production-based asset pricing models predict that the sources of fluctuations in real investment and (scaled) stock prices are the same. Yet, extant empirical findings point to a large difference in these sources. We revisit this empirical question by deriving a present-value relation...

Time variation in the discount rate affects investment and employment decisions in a manner consistent with Q-theory predictions. This evidence is uncovered when using cyclical consumption as proxy for the discount rate. The results, which are consistent across both U.S. and international data,...

We show that time variation in the discount rate affects investment and employment decisions in a manner consistent with both short and long run Q-theory predictions. Uncovering this novel evidence requires a proxy for the discount rate that reliably predicts stock returns. We gain further...