To optimally utilize their labor, fund families need to match their portfolio managers' skills with the job requirements of different funds. Fund families make it possible for their managers to try out different funds in a learning-by-trying fashion until they find their best match. After they...

Mutual monitoring in a well-structured authority system can mitigate the agency problem. I empirically examine whether the number 2 executive in a firm, if given authority, incentive, and channels for communication and influence, is able to monitor and constrain the potentially self-interested...