This paper discusses India's post independence technology transfer (TT) policies and practices and examines their impact on economic development. It then juxtaposes similar findings for two other countries - Turkey and Israel. All three gained independence in the 20th century. At independence...

Until 1948 the year Israel gained independence from Britain, its land was mostly barren, sparsely populated, and its agriculture performed by small communes of inexperienced farmers. Its manufacturing was cottage industry in format. Over the years, Israeli universities and institutes have...