by no means unique to Japan — Korea, Taiwan, France, and Germany among others also have similar regulation — Japan …'s abuse regulation has tended to attract more attention globally. One of the main sources of controversy for abuse regulation … attempts to address this long-standing debate by examining whether abuse regulation is consistent with the various objectives …

This paper finds that a regulation that promotes competition in one market may decrease competition in other related … unbundling regulations on new optical-fiber lines. I find that unbundling regulation prevents new providers from building optical … particular, when a new technology is introduced, unbundling regulation has an oligopolization effect on the regulated firms. This …