employments in 19th-century Japan permits us to apply this approach to answer the following counterfactual: What factor … 1865-1876? Over the entire period, we find that trade was revealed to be equivalent to a 5.5% increase in Japan's female …

The European Union and Japan have recently launched negotiations about a bilateral free trade agreement as means of …

employments in 19th-century Japan permits us to apply this approach to answer the following counterfactual: What factor … 1865-1876? Over the entire period, we find that trade was revealed to be equivalent to a 5.5% increase in Japan's female …. -- gains from trade ; factor augmentation equivalent to trade ; natural experiment of Japan …

liberalization (in terms of trade cost reduction), when we assume the same population size in a counterfactual way, we find Japan to … adjustment upon trade liberalization. When we presume, however, that Japan's population is 2.5 times that of Korea, the results …

for a theory-based assessment of the magnitude of the gains from trade. The recent experimental evidence on Japan's 19th … century opening up to world trade provides a strong case for the hypothesis that comparative advantage governed Japan …'s international trade in its early trading years. The aggregate gains from that trade are estimated to be no larger than 9 % of Japan …