We investigate whether the relationship between competition and risk varies across different types of Japanese banks over the period 2000-2009. The results of our empirical investigation show that risk varies across bank types. Specifically, nationwide (City and Trust) banks are riskier on...

This study examines the relative performance of Japanese cooperative banks between 1998 and 2009, explicitly modeling non-performing loans as an undesirable output. Three key findings emerge. First, the sector is characterized by increasing returns to scale which supports the ongoing...

This paper investigates the profitability of City, Trust, Regional, Second Association Regional, Shinkin and Credit Cooperative banks following the major financial crisis that affected Japan in the mid 1990s. We find evidence that well capitalised, efficient banks, with lower credit risks tend...