The 1970s saw the recurrence of major turmoil in the international monetary scene in which Japan played no small part. Japan’s response to past monetary upheavals has always been passive and there were occasions when its passivity and delayed response so undermined the working of the monetary...

Recent theoretical research has studied extensively the link between wage setting and monetary policymaking in unionized economies. This paper addresses the question of the role of monetary uncertainty from both an empirical and theoretical point of view. Our analysis is based on a simple model...