This paper examines the hypothesis that manufacturing industries in Japan that have been exposed to import competition … communication technology (ICT) investment data in the employment share regression. We find that while import competition from China … from China experience greater skill upgrading by increasing demand for skilled workers. Using an industry panel dataset …

This paper examines the hypothesis that manufacturing industries in Japan that have been exposed to import competition … from the People's Republic of China (PRC) experience greater skill upgrading (increased demand for skilled workers). Using …, this has not resulted in substituting skilled workers in Japanese manufacturing. Rather, it has had the profound positive …

This study investigates the characteristics of local manufacturing job reallocation in Japan induced by import shocks … from China during 1996–2016. Three types of import shocks are considered: direct, upstream, and downstream. Industry- and … region-level analyses both estimate that 28 percent of Japanese manufacturing job loss can be attributed to the direct import …

, Italy, Japan, and the United States. In all six countries we find a strong negative relationship between a city's share of … manufacturing employment in the year of its country's manufacturing peak and the subsequent change in total employment, reflecting … the fact that cities where manufacturing was initially more important experienced larger negative labor demand shocks. But …