Companies are adopting executive compensation recoupment ("clawback") policies to discourage aggressive financial reporting choices. Recent research suggests clawback policies might encourage other, less aggressive, means of meeting earnings expectations. We suggest that reducing income tax...

This study examines the effect of short-selling threats on tax aggressiveness. The SEC’s Regulation SHO pilot program relaxed short-selling constraints for a sample of U.S. stocks, thus leading to an exogenous increase in short-selling threats for these pilot stocks. After controlling for...

We examine how the threat of low-cost activism (implemented by small shareholders) affects firms’ tax avoidance. Due to the lack of superior private information, small shareholders rely more on public information and may intervene in response to unfavorable earnings. Thus, as heightened...