that could improve SME finance are the so-called challenger banks, a type of bank unknown in Germany. These banks differ in …. The closure of the very last local savings bank in 2017 marks the preliminary end of traditional regional banking in the … one stroke a regional and public banking group with a substantial market share by restructuring the Royal Bank of Scotland …

A comparison of the German banking system with that of the United Kingdom (UK) and Spain shows Germany to be …. Decentralised banks, which are predominantly regional savings banks and cooperative banks in Germany, nearly account for most …). Federalism and strong redistribution mechanisms between the regions support decentralised banking in Germany. Furthermore, close …

This paper re-visits the state of decentralised banking in Germany, Spain and the UK. The cross-country comparison we … conducted has identified Germany as having the most decentralised banking system, followed by Spain and the UK, as expected. The … degree of centralisation. Whereas no such bank exists in the UK any longer and real savings banks in Spain have almost …