"Entrepreneurs out of necessity" identified by the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor survey are a sizeable group across countries. They tend to have low education, run smaller firms, expect their firms to grow less, but are likely to stay in the market. This evidence is a challenge for existing...

The COVID-19 pandemic has negatively impacted the economic growth of Indonesia. Government regulations to limit large-scale social activities has caused marketing and financial difficulties for micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs). Digital and financial literacy have the potential to...