A centralized and federal patent system in the EU changes economic and constitutional law structures by creating a ‘nationalized' international patent. As the underlying economic policy has concentrated on the development needs of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), accounting for 99%...

The global value of public procurement spending is enormous. Each year, approximately 19% of the EU GDP is spent by over 250,000 public authorities purchasing services, works and supplies. The sheer scale of public procurement spending and supplier selection decisions can literally create and...

Malaysian Government has a priority agenda to increase SMEs export trade. One of the barriers to this is the legal uncertainty created by chosen law applicable to commercial contracts. UN sale convention is an attempt to remove that barrier. This paper considers this merit and proposes for...

Case study and model results lend some optimism for the potential of small coalitions with partially excludable public goods to substantially deepen international cooperation on energy and climate issues. Drawing motivation from other issue areas in international relations ranging from nuclear...

This paper is about the potential of the Internet as a platform for international trade, with a focus on the opportunities for small and medium-sized enterprises and developing countries. The Internet has evolved since the 1990's from an online storefront into a means for businesses to reach...

Programs Cosme (Programme for the Competitiveness of Enterprises and small and medium-sized enterprises) and Horizon 2020 have been introduced officially in 2014. These programs replaced the former Competitiveness and Innovation Programme (CIP) for small and medium enterprises (SMEs) and 7th...

This article explores how the institutional context, including central and local governments, has co-evolved with business in relation to small cars and sustainability. This is a very relevant issue for business and society in view of the environmental implications of the rapidly growing vehicle...

This article focuses on the income tax analysis of equity and debt crowdfunding in some of the EU Member States. It critically discusses the opportunity to nationally regulate the income tax legislation of crowdfunding in the same way as traditional financial methods. It also analyses the...

This article formalises the idea of money-metric production frontiers, which we propose as a general framework for nonparametric evaluation of economic efficiency. As we show in our methodological discussion, this improves the flexibility and economic interpretation of our model. The empirical...

This paper analyses the effect of risk attitudes of firm owners on profits among micro and small enterprises (MSEs) in Lagos, Nigeria. Higher risk perceptions are shown to have a significant positive effect on profits, whereas risk propensity has a negative or no effect. Education, age, being...