As the Soviet Union broke up, Kaliningrad suddenly found itself separated from mainland Russia by new frontiers. Hardly any other Russian region has been hit as hard by the economic disruption as Kaliningrad. The geographical situation of the region meant that it was more highly exposed to the...

The geographical situation of the Russian enclave led to its strong exposure to the destabilising effects of post-communist economic transformation. A dramatic trade opening has occurred, and regional trade and production has undergone profound changes. The major phenomenon relative to the...

As the Soviet Union broke up, Kaliningrad suddenly found itself separated from mainland Russia by new frontiers. Since then, a dramatic trade opening has occurred, and regional trade and production have undergone profound changes. Kaliningrad has experienced a major shift in its economic...

The manuscript represents a comprehensive theory of enclaves and exclaves. The theory comprises both political and economic aspects. It is the first general book on the world’s enclaves and exclaves. Due to its comprehensive and pioneer character, it has a potential to become a book of...

The geographical situation of the Russian enclave led to its strong exposure to the destabilising effects of post-communist economic transformation. A dramatic trade opening has occurred, and regional trade and production has undergone profound changes. The major phenomenon relative to the...

The manuscript represents a comprehensive theory of enclaves and exclaves. The theory comprises both political and economic aspects. It is the first general book on the world’s enclaves and exclaves. Due to its comprehensive and pioneer character, it has a potential to become a book of...