While Merton (1987) proposes that firm value increases with the number of shareholders, relatively few studies have explicitly sought to identify the factors that affect investor participation per se in equity markets. Using a unique dataset that measures the inflow and outflow of equity...

There is a substantial divide between evidence in the empirical literature and survey evidence in the financial press regarding the influence of sell-side analyst recommendations on the trading of mutual funds. While surveys of fund managers suggest that they assign little weight to analyst...

This paper tests whether and to what extent the value premium is induced by financial inflexibility risk. In this context, financial flexibility refers to the ability of a firm to alter investment expenditure to mitigate exogenous shocks, so as to generate a smooth dividend stream. Consistent...