Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to examine the changing risk structure of German open-end funds using semi variance based performance measures. Design/methodology: The analysis focuses on an appropriate benchmark and compares classical performance measures with LPM based measures....

This study documents the publicly traded equity Real Estate Investment Trust (REIT) universe during the modern REIT era (early 1990s through the present). We show the growth and consolidation of the industry, changes in property type focus, increases in institutional ownership, and the growth of...

German open-ended real estate funds have net asset values that sum up to €120 bln invested in Germany and abroad. To increase transparency in this dominant investment sector within Germany, IPD has extended the available performance fund indices and now publishes a fund indicator covering the...

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of energy consumption on the financial performance of German residential buildings in a large panel framework. The authors provide evidence that energy efficiency in the residential sector is a relevant factor affecting both tenant...

This paper examines whether unleveraged REITs in Dubai help optimize the risk/return characteristics of a mixed asset portfolio. The performance is also analyzed using Shariah compliant REIT structures incorporating discussion of the performance of REITs operating in a zero-tax environment...

Germany has attracted substantial real estate investments from abroad within the last years. Furthermore, German investors have also invested again a higher percentage of their capital earmarked for real estate at home. Therefore it has to be examined whether the German real estate returns have...

This study compares the information content of funds from operation (FFO) and net income (NI) in the real estate investment trust (REIT) industry. We find that models using FFO explain more of the variance in cumulative abnormal returns around earnings announcement dates than models using NI do....

The study investigates how the depreciation of the Vietnam dong (VND) against the US dollar (USD) affected export turnover and the stock market in Vietnam during the period from 2000 to 2020. A Markov triple regime-switching model is developed for time-series data involving multistructural...

Real estate investments have become international. Therefore also the returns have to be judged in an international comparative context. The question arises whether the returns of the German real estate market have justified the investments by domestic and foreign investors? The answer is: Yes...

This study examines the market response to the 1999 announcement of a change in accounting for Funds from Operations (FFO) for Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs). This change provides an increase in transparency in the accounting statements of REITs regarding the calculation of FFO. An...