Using hedge funds' holdings of IPO stocks, we find that stocks with abnormally high hedge fund holdings, based on stock and deal characteristics, yield abnormal returns. Moreover, hedge funds are able to sell IPO stocks in a timely fashion before long-run underperforming periods start,...

This research considers the strategies on the initial public offering of company equity at the stock exchanges in the imperfect highly volatile global capital markets with the nonlinearities. We provide the IPO definition and compare the initial listing requirements on the various markets. We...

This study examines if the prospectus disclosure of the motives for an initial public offering (IPO) explains the longrun performance of equity issuers. It uses hand-collected data for 245 IPOs from the Stock Exchange of Thailand (SET), and also the Market for Alternative Investments (MAI),...

This study tests possible sources of long-term risk-adjusted returns on initial public offerings (IPO) in Poland under the calendar-time portfolio (CTP) approach. The moment of going public still remains a puzzle in many areas. Poland’s status as an emerging market has been indisputable for...

This paper separates the amount of IPO underpricing (primary market underpricing) and overvaluation (secondary market overvaluation) from the value of an IPO’s initial return to evaluate the relative importance of these two factors and their main determinants. Using data on the IPOs of 948...

Decline in confidence in free market mechanisms in the past decade has provoked an increase in interest in regulatory issues. This paper seeks to answer one question: Are exchange listing rules an effective screening mechanism? Using a sample of IPO firms listing on major U.S. exchanges in...

This paper reviews the theoretical literature on long-run IPO underperformance and the results of the empirical tests of the theoretical explanations. We find out that each explanation has its support from the empirical tests. This reminds us the argument of Fama (1998) which denotes that there...

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the long run stock price behavior of initial public offerings (IPOs) in Turkey. Our sample consists of 126 IPOs for the period from 1995 to 2000. We use four different methodologies to analyze the relative performance of IPOs for up to five years after...

We analyze the value of investor relations (IR) strategies to IPO firms. We find that firms that are less visible and have inexperienced management tend to hire IR consultants prior to the issue date. IR consultants help create positive news coverage before an IPO event as reflected in a more...

This paper analyzes the relation between security issue announcement returns and the choice between debt, equity, and not issuing. As in Myers and Majluf (1984), higher-valued firms do not issue, and hence security issues are associated with negative announcement effects. Firms that choose to...