The internal rate of return (IRR) is a widely used benchmark for assessing the reliability of the accounting rate of return (ROA) as a measure of economic profitability. We turn this reasoning process on its head by demonstrating that a suitable (weighted average) aggregation of ROAs better...

This paper introduces new money-weighted metrics for investment performance analysis, based on arithmetic means of holding period rates weighted by the investment's market values. This approach generates rates of return which measure a fund's or portfolio's performance and a fund manager's...

This paper applies Magni's (2011) Aggregate Return On Investment (AROI)to investment performance measurement. We show that the ratio of undiscountednet cash flow to undiscounted invested capital is not a naive metric (itseemingly does not take the time value of money into account). It is a...

In this note we make use of theAverage Internal Rate of Return (AIRR) approach, first introduced in Magni (2010), to introduce a pair of metrics, opposed to IRR and TWRR, which measure the manager's performance and the investor's performance on the basis of the market values of the fund. We also...

Investment decisions may be evaluated via several different metrics/criteria, which are functions of a vector of value drivers. The economic significance and the reliability of a metric depend on its compatibility with the Net Present Value (NPV). Traditionally, a metric is said to be...

We propose a genuinely internal approach to project valuation and decision based on the average Return On Investment (ROI), obtained as the ratio of total operating profit (NOPAT) to total invested capital or, equivalently, as the ratio of net cash flow to total invested capital. The approach...

In this paper we introduce uncertainty in the investment appraisal, managed through a new criterion called Average Internal Rate of Return (AIRR), introduced in Magni (2010). The consistency of the arithmetic of variables represented with intervals or fuzzy numbers makes it possible to apply the...