In this note, we present a simple numerical example, with a finite cash flow, to illustrate the concept of the Optimal Capital Structure (OCS). First, we assume that the discount rate for the tax benefits K_TB equals the return to unlevered equity K_U. The cost of debt K_D is a simple linear...

When calculating the Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC), the well-known textbook formula includes tax shields with the (1-T) factor affecting the contribution of debt to WACC. In this work we develop a procedure for properly calculating tax shields including the case when Losses Carried...

In this paper Modigliani and Miller's risk class including only one type of firm to date, namely a non-net investing firm, is supplemented by a second type of firm, namely a net investing firm. One main result of the paper is the derivation of the Gordon and Shapiro growth formula within the...

Over the next decade, governments around the world will invest massively in new projects, aiming at closing the long-identified infrastructure gap, to sustain economic and social development, and to recover from recent adverse shocks. This paper examines this topic from two perspectives: (i) how...

Modern institutes of the market form new factors of the global economy. Stock exchanges, other institutes of the investment market, financial Internet communications create the integrated pace of world economic system. The companies test direct influence from global information-financial space....

The paper provides review of Modigliani-Miller capital structure irrelevance proposition and its development since 1958. The paper suggests some pedagogical insights and introduce risk-shifting interpretations of the MM model. We also discuss shapes of cost of debt and cost of equity functions...

This study focuses on the impact of the 2001 recession as well as the subsequent expansion on U.S. trade (i.e., retail and wholesale) firms' short-term assets and liabilities. The paper also analyzes the differential effects on long-term debt and cash flow levels between retail and wholesale...

This paper shows that during industry downturns, firms experience significantly greater valuation losses when their industry peers' long-term debt is maturing at the time of the shocks. Across a range of tests, the analysis addresses the endogenous determination of peer debt maturity structure....

The Modigliani and Miller (MM) propositions provide a foundation for corporate finance theory. Their adoption, however, has led to a dis-engagement of corporate financial management from the humanity of business as well as from corporate strategic management more broadly. As an outcome, the...

This paper analyzes the effect of corporate debt offerings on stock prices. Straight debt offerings have non-positive price effects, while convertible debt offerings have significantly negative effects. Public utility mortgage (non-convertible) bond offerings have marginally negative effects,...