In order to fully execute rights of defense, parties within a cartel investigation should be allowed to see the extent of the investigation file in an open and transparent manner, subject to the limit that the confidential information of undertakings must be respected and their confidentiality...

With its more than a decade-long enforcement practice, Turkish competition law has undergone significant changes that could indicate a move towards converging with the European jurisdiction in many respects. In particular, the Turkish merger control regime has been introduced to a new...

The main objective of this article is to discuss the current approach adopted by the competition law authorities and relevant courts on the liability of service providers, such as independent consultants or data processors, in cases involving cartels. The question of service providers' liability...