This article studies how non-financial, exogenous shocks on a subset of borrowers constrain bank lending and affect real economic activities of non-shocked firms. I separate a loan supply effect from a loan demand effect by identifying borrower-level shocks with the occurrence of major U.S....

From European integration to domestic politics to the development of the global economy, technocracy and private ordering have shaped economic behaviour. Such transformative private-driven forces of economic activity flourished through the promulgation of voluntary standards. In view of the...

We study how international trade networks react to natural disasters. We combine exhaustive firm-to-firm trade credit and disaster data and use a dynamic difference-indifferences identification strategy. We establish the causal effect of natural disasters abroad on the size, shape and quality of...

According to several reports, natural disasters and climate change will intensify and dampen development if appropriate measures are not implemented. Our paper contributes to this literature and analyzes the impact of natural disasters on domestic resource mobilization in developing countries....

How do voters respond to heightened risk? Dominant theories expect accountability issues to surface or distributional conflict to intensify once threats become salient. Unsatisfactorily, these accounts rely on compound treatment effects of exposure not only to risk but also to direct losses or...