The COVID19 crisis has hit labor markets. School and child-care closures have put families with children in challenging … situations. We look at Germany and quantify the macroeconomic importance of working parents. We document that 26 percent of the … German workforce have children aged 14 or younger and estimate that 11 percent of workers and 8 percent of all working hours …

The COVID19 crisis has hit labor markets. School and child-care closures have put families with children in challenging … situations. We look at Germany and quantify the macroeconomic importance of working parents. We document that 26 percent of the … German workforce have children aged 14 or younger and estimate that 11 percent of workers and 8 percent of all working hours …

The COVID19 crisis has hit labor markets. School and child-care closures have put families with children in challenging … situations. We look at Germany and quantify the macroeconomic importance of working parents. We document that 26 percent of the … German work force have children aged 14 or younger and estimate that 11 percent of workers and 8 percent of all working hours …

The disproportionate impact of children on women's earnings constitutes the primary factor contributing to persistent … gender inequality in many countries. This paper examines the multigenerational impact of children and whether the public … provision of formal childcare lessens the earnings and employment impacts of children. Our analyses notably incorporate the role …

sample of more than 500 parents with pre-school aged children. Our findings show that our tool is reliable and delivers high …-quality data. By exploiting contextual information on the child's involvement and feelings during each activity performed with the … parent, we construct new measures of parental investments that capture the quality of daily parent-child interactions. We …

during childhood using data from a longitudinal study, the Mannheim Study of Children at Risk, starting at birth. Our work … offers three important innovations. First, we use reliable measures of the child’s cognitive, mental and emotional skills as … characteristics of children. Third, we examine the skill development for girls and boys separately, as well as for children who were …