productivity, and forested area on carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in Kazakhstan. Time series data from 1996 to 2020 were utilized … use, and urbanization cause an increase in CO2 emissions by 0.14%, 0.81%, and 1.28% in Kazakhstan. Conversely, a 1 …-carbon economy, renewable energy, sustainable urban development, climate-smart agriculture. …

the Postindustrial World -- 10. The Postsocialist Crisis and Recovery Growth -- 11. The Dynamics of Population and … International Migration -- 12. The State Burden on the Economy -- 13. The Formation and Crisis of Systems of Social Safeguards -- 14 …