Global value chains (GVCs) play a crucial role in today's international trade. High value-added activities tend to cluster at the start and the end of GVCs, resulting in a U-shaped relationship across production steps known as the "smile curve". The distribution of CO2 emissions along the value...

This article explores the links between climate neutrality and sustainability in the context of international trade. For that, it tackles seven main concerns: 1) what do industry leaders now need from policymakers to make them the frontrunners in the global transition to climate neutrality? 2)...

This study develops a new indicator for national and global sustainability. The main components of the EIIW-vita indicator are: the share of renewable energy, the genuine savings rate, and the relative "green export" position of the respective countries; it is in line with OECD requirements on...