Novelty is a basic requirement of patent law. An inventor cannot obtain a patent if the invention exists in the “prior …-filed patent document qualifies as prior art as of its filing date — even though the document does not become accessible to the … invention to the public; administrative delay of public accessibility due to Patent Office procedures should not count against …

This paper analyses the evolution of the intellectual property regime (IPR), and more precisely the patent regime, in … patent regimes can only be understood in relation to changes in the main institutional forms of capitalism: forms of the firm …

Using application-level data from the Patent Office from 2001 to 2012, merged with personnel data on patent examiners …, we explore the extent to which the key decision of examiners — whether to allow a patent — is shaped by the granting …-deviation increase in the grant rate of her peer group, an examiner in her first two years at the Patent Office will experience a 0 …

We study the relation between patent concentration and tax-motivated income shifting. Using affiliate-level data for … European multinational corporations (MNCs) and employing the relative share of patents held by an MNC as a measure for patent … concentration, we predict and find that tax-motivated income shifting is increasing in the degree of patent concentration. This …

The article attempts to show the role of the patent system in the internationalization of diffusion of technical … knowledge. Its purpose is to analyse, use of international technical knowledge made available through patent systems, by Polish … so-called patent citations, included in the technical documentation submitted for the protection of inventions …

attendant constellation of tacit knowledge regarding the interpretation and application of the information in the patent. The … through the patent system also provides important stability to attendant tacit knowledge. Patent doctrines regarding prior art … patent procurement and enforcement must take such effects into account …

determining patentable subject matter under the American Patent Act, is used as a starting point for a brief review of historical …, philosophical, and cultural influences on subject matter questions in both patent and copyright law. The article suggests that … patent and copyright law jurisprudence was constructed initially by the Court with explicit attention to the relationship …

All forms of intellectual property may be necessary for the effective commercialization of a patent. Nevertheless …, while the Bayh-Dole Act is an explicit recognition by Congress of the need to allocate patent rights in order to promote a … policy of commercializing the products of federal research funding, it is silent on other salient intellectual patent rights …