in terms of stationarity and cointegration, and the implied restrictions are tested against English pre-industrial data …

parameter restrictions. A cointegration analysis for the unified Germany reveals a long rum relationship between real wages … ; Cointegration …

Johansen cointegration approach. Qatar is a small open economy that depends on the outside world for exporting its oil, natural …

We consider cointegration rank estimation for a p-dimensional Fractional Vector Error Correction Model. We propose a … levels. The first step consists in estimating the parameters of the model under the null hypothesis of the cointegration rank … r=1,2,...,p-1. This step provides consistent estimates of the order of fractional cointegration, the cointegration …

models as well as examine the effects of erroneously assuming cointegration. It is shown that inconclusive theoretical … imposing cointegration can be more or less useful for different horizons. The problem of forecasting variables with trending …