The study attempts to identify the dynamic relationship between trade, income growth, energy consumption and CO2 … emissions for Pakistan. Johansen’s Cointegration procedure has been employed to estimate the coefficients of the Cointegrated … Vector Autoregressive model. The results reveal that trade has a favorable effect on environmental quality for Pakistan …

, a theoretical model is developed to explain price transmission for different trade regimes. Drawing from the competitive … if no trade takes place but future trade is expected. Using a global database on food prices, we construct national and …

cointegration for the period 1972 to 1999. To estimate the long-run elasticities, we use three approaches: the autoregressive … technique. Our results indicate a long-run cointegration relationship among the variables when import volume is the dependent …

importance of export and import for economic growth is significance and foreign trade is heavily relied on economic growth of the …The purpose of this research study is to shed light on the causal relationship between foreign trade and economic … growth in India. This study analyzes Export-led growth (ELG) and Import-led growth (ILG) hypothesis in India. The author does …

Threshold cointegration is introduced as an econometric technique to model the impact of trade disruptions on spatial … trade disruptions on prices. The threshold cointegration technique that is employed is flexible in that it allows the number …. We innovate on the threshold cointegration technique by selecting a measure of trade disruptions as the threshold …

causality analysis are used to find the short-run and long-run effects of trade openness on economic growth. The result … indicates that trade openness has positive and significant effects on economic growth in Bangladesh. Granger causality analysis …This paper examines the relationship between trade openness and economic growth in Bangladesh. Contrary to the previous …

-Andrews stationarity tests, which all confirmed that the series are integrated of order one. Both the ARDL bound testing for cointegration … and the Johansen cointegration approach all confirmed long-run relationship among the variables. From the cointegrating … the Granger non-causality test using the Toda-Yamamoto's technique, we found unidirectional causality running from …

This study aims to explore the relationship between public debt and trade openness on economic growth in the context of … the long run. This study only found a significant impact of trade openness on economic growth in the asymmetric model …, which suggests that reducing trade openness empirically contributes to a rise in economic growth in the long run. The …