of violent civil conflict in nineteenth-century Colombia. Empirically studying the relationship between democracy and … violence in nineteenth-century Colombia was a technology for political elites to compete for the rents from power, and that … democracy constituted an alternative way to compete which substituted violence …

This paper examines the impact of urban violence on the standardized test scores of public school students in Medellin … year fixed effects, allowing me to control for the endogeneity of violence. I find that each additional homicide per year … local violence is shown to induce higher levels of teacher turnover, although this may actually improve the average …

This paper explores the importance of the risk of violence on the decision making of rural households, using a unique …), we develop a dynamic consumption model where economic risk and the risk of violence are explicitly included. Theoretical … violence and the presence of illegal crops on the decision to continue coffee production and on the percentage of the farm …

civil conflict. In 2014, a ceasefire with the oldest Latin-American guerrilla took place in Colombia and a peace agreement … violence against social leaders. These actors represent the interests of their communities, oppose the expansion of illicit … leaders' exposure to violence. We showed that the LRP significantly reduced the killing of social leaders. Yet, the effect …

During the last decade, forced internal displacement in Colombia has been a growing phenomenon closely linked to the … the level of violence at the origin site is not only the dominant factor of displacement behavior, but also that in a …

This paper proposes a new identification strategy to estimate the causal impact of illicit drug markets on violence … municipalities that we use as an instrument to uncover the causal effect of illegal cocaine markets on violence. We find that a 10 … violence as different armed groups fight each other, the government and the civil population for their control and extraction …

This paper explores the importance of the risk of violence on the decision making of rural households, using a unique …), we develop a dynamic consumption model where economic risk and the risk of violence are explicitly included. Theoretical … violence and the presence of illegal crops on the decision to continue coffee production and on the percentage of the farm …