Previous studies that have identified the impacts of institutions or cultural traits on comparative advantage focused on goods trade, but not services trade. In contrast to the rapid increase in trade in services, empirical examination on sources of comparative advantage in services trade...

This study tests whether Ricardian comparative advantage is valid for value added in exports that does not include intermediate inputs imported from various industries in a number of countries. Using a panel data on valued added contents of bilateral exports, we find that changes in the labor...

This paper derives a consolidated regression equation to estimate the sources of comparative advantage; integrating the Heckscher-Ohlin model, the Ricardian model, and the gravity model. It also aims to test which of the three competing models better explains the bilateral trade flows. For the...