Only legal facts should affect the application of the death penalty. This maxim is manifested in the U.S. constitution and stipulated by the Supreme Court. With regard to extra-legal economic factors, it has been applied to practice from 1950 to 1990 with the exception of two states: For...

Consumption risk sharing among U.S. federal states increases in booms and decreases in recessions. We find that small firms' access to credit markets plays an important role in explaining this stylized fact: business cycle fluctuations in aggregate risk sharing are more pronounced in states in...

This paper uses a gravity model of migration to analyze how income differentials affect the flow of immigrants into U.S. states using annual data from the American Community Survey. We add to existing literature by decomposing income differentials into short- and long-term components and by...