economic activity. We find that increases in hours are associated with an increase in cigarette smoking, a reduction in …

-coppes), industrial production, energy use for transportation, oil production, and oil imports, we examine whether supply and demand … 70% of the variation in the US COPPES growth is explained by its supply and demand factors, each sharing about half of … contribution of demand and supply factors since mid 1980s, of which growth variances have declined on net since then. This in turn …