Social security revenues are influenced by business cycle movements. In order to support the working of automatic stabilizers it would be necessary to calculate social insurance contribution rates independently from the state of the business cycle. This paper investigates whether European...

The paper attempts to do a comprehensive analysis on how spending patterns were affected by the most severe economic crisis since the oil shocks in the 70's. We have attempted to see which services have been significantly affected by the crisis, and whether social spending has risen and managed...

The most concrete characteristic of a recession is that demand disappears for some of the commodities produced by workers and unwanted unemployment is imposed on a large segment of the labor force. With growing job losses in the current recession it is important to know, whose boat falls when...

I study the impacts of financing rules for financial surpluses in pay-as-you-go pension systems on the business cycle and the life cycle in a dynamic stochastic large-scale overlapping generations model, where households take the inter-temporal links between contributions and pension benefits...

We estimate the impact of pension enrollment on mental well-being using China's New Rural Pension Scheme (NRPS), the largest existing pension program in the world. Since its launch in 2009, more than 400 million Chinese have enrolled in the NRPS. We first describe plausible pathways through...

This study examines Social Security claiming behavior, which has important implications for older Americans and for the system itself. Retirees may begin collecting benefits as early as age 62, but early claimants receive lower monthly benefits for the rest of their lives. Our data come from...

Die vorliegende Ex-ante-Analyse untersucht die konjunkturellen, fiskalischen und verteilungspolitischen Wirkungen der im Zuge der COVID-19-Krise beschlossenen Maßnahmen zur Stützung der Einkommen und der Investitionstätigkeit auf drei aufeinander aufbauenden Ebenen: der Mikro-, Makro- und...