Using the National Compensation Survey between 2004-2017, we document three stylized facts and quantify cyclical heterogeneity among performance pay and fixed wage jobs. First, there is substantial dispersion in the incidence of performance pay, even within the same occupation; hourly...

Industrial production in the United States declined by 47 percent between 1929 and 1933. This paper quantifies how the severity of the Great Depression within a location may affect contemporaneous entrepreneurship rates. On one hand, a more severe decline in productivity could have persistent...

This paper investigates the cyclicality of time allocated towards research and development (R&D) activities. First, using longitudinal micro-data from 2000-2013, I find that time allocated towards research activities is highly procyclical among private sector employees, but countercyclical among...

We examine the dynamics of GDP following an economy-wide pandemic shock that curtails physical mobility and the ability to perform certain tasks at work. We examine whether greater reliance on digital technologies has the potential to mediate employment and productivity losses. We employ...