This document tries to quantify the possible impacts, on the natural gas consumption, of changes in the flat sale price …

We use 1995, 2002 and 2013 CHIP data to investigate the urban household consumption expenditure inequality. The overall … inequality of urban household consumption expenditure measured by Gini coefficient slightly decreases from 0.33 in 1995 to 0 …, the percentile ratio of p90/p10 shows that consumption inequality increases all the time. Besides, the inequality of basic …

economic shocks, and it also explores how people may react by changing their consumption, saving and investment, work and … both short- and long-term consumption, boost work effort, and defer retirement. Younger cohorts will initially reduce their … work hours, consumption, saving, and equity exposure; later in life, they will work more, retire later, consume less …

"We assess the degree of consumption smoothing implicit in a calibrated life-cycle version of the standard incomplete … the model have access to less consumption-smoothing against permanent earnings shocks than what is measured in the data …. BPP estimate that 36% of permanent shocks are insurable (i.e., do not translate into consumption growth), whereas the …