We study the dynamic relationship between movements in consumer confidence and equity prices. By conducting the level OLS tests, we have observed a strong contemporaneous relationship between consumer confidence and equity prices. A further VAR analysis justifies that one time lag S&P 500 return...

We use high frequency data on TV and radio advertising together with data on online sales for lottery tickets to measure the short run effects of advertising. We find them to be strong and to last for up to about 4 hours. They are the bigger the less time there is until the draw. We develop the...

Paid placement, where advertisers bid payments to a search engine to have their products appear next to keyword search results, has emerged as a predominant form of advertising on the Internet. This paper studies a product-differentiation model where consumers are initially uncertain about the...