Dybvig [1995] finds optimal spending and investment strategies for a perpetual endowment that has no tolerance for spending declines. His spending rule is a ratchet --- spending never decreases, but has a substantial chance of increasing. We find the ratchet consumption rule for an investor with...

We consider a model for utility over consumption with first order loss aversion and look at its properties. We find consumption strategies that maximize expected utility for complete markets with pricing kernels generated by Levy processes. Both the discrete-time and continuous-time consumption...

Ratchet consumers want their spending to always increase and never decrease. We find an optimal consumption rule for ratchet consumers by maximizing an expected utility that eschews spending declines, yet permits a range of choices for felicity and time preference functions. This solution can be...