subjects vote more in favor of rewards over sanctions, but police subjects with some work experience are more likely to vote … bear a higher burden of punishment costs than non-police subjects. When the norm enforcement institution is endogenous, all … for sanctions. Police subjects also reward and sanction more than the others when the institution results from a majority …

cooperation flourish, and withholding punishment makes cooperation collapse. In less cooperative social environments, where … antisocial punishment has been detected, punishment was detrimental to cooperation. The success of punishment in enhancing … punishing them, whereas in environments in which punishment diminished cooperation, antisocial punishment was explained as …

information conditions, where cheating is less obvious, punishment is much less effective in enforcing cooperation. Evidently, the …Explaining human cooperation in large groups of non-kin is a major challenge to both rational choice theory and the … theory of evolution. Recent research suggests that group cooperation can be explained by positing that cooperators can punish …

inclinations. The third pillar are sanctions meted out to anyone who does not cooperate; ideally punishment can work as a mere … pillar is internalised norms of cooperation, sustained by emotions such as guilt and shame. The second pillar is the … motivation can sustain cooperation if enough people cooperate but can jeopardise social order if many others follow selfish …

inclinations. The third pillar are sanctions meted out to anyone who does not cooperate; ideally punishment can work as a mere … pillar is internalized norms of cooperation, sustained by emotions such as guilt and shame. The second pillar is the … motivation can sustain cooperation if enough people cooperate but can jeopardise social order if many others follow selfish …

We formally explore the idea that punishment of norm-breakers may be a vehicle for the older generation to teach … between past, present, and future punishment. Information about the past is important for youngsters, because the past shapes … the future. Reward-based mechanisms may also work and are welfare superior to punishment-based ones. However, reward …

anger, ‘social’ emotions like shame and guilt need to be present for punishment to be an effective deterrent of …