This paper uses highly detailed, quarterly data for five major industrialized economies to estimate the impact of macroeconomic fluctuations on import protection policies over 1988:Q1 - 2010:Q4. First, estimates on a pre-Great Recession sample of data provide evidence of two key relationships....

Germany has always been one of the major direct investment destinations for Korean multinational enterprises (MNEs) within Europe. However, along with the internationalization of Korean firms, the motives and patterns for direct investments have changed. This paper discusses the development of...