We develop a sovereign debt model with offcial and private creditors where default risk depends on both the level and the composition of liabilities. Higher exposure to offcial lenders improves incentives to repay but carries extra costs, such as reduced ex-post flexibility. The model implies...

Der Angriffskrieg Russlands gegen die Ukraine hat die Vulnerabilität der Bundesrepublik Deutschland gegenüber russischen Energieimporten, insbesondere beim Erdgas, aufgezeigt. Durch eine drohende Gasmangellage ist der Gaspreis massiv gestiegen, was vor allem die energieintensiven Unternehmen,...

In der Öffentlichkeit wurden Befürchtungen geäußert, dass Basel II den Mittelstand benachteilige, indem die Kreditverfügbarkeit für die Unternehmen eingeschränkt und ihre Zinskosten steigen würden. Für Dr. Werner Müller, Bundeswirtschaftsminister, ist diese Frage »derzeit noch nicht...

Im November letzten Jahres veranstaltete das Europäische Patentamt einen Workshop zu den Veränderungen, die sich aus der Einführung von Vorschlägen zur Neufassung der Baseler Eigenkapitalvereinbarung von 1988 ergeben, die darauf zielen, die Kapitalanforderungen an Banken stärker als bisher...

We examine banking competition when deposit or loan contracts contingent on macroeconomic shocks become feasible. We show that the risk allocation is efficient, provided that banks are not bailed out. In this case, banks may shift part of the risk to depositors. The private sector insures the...

Interest payments based on income flows are a common feature of informal loans. Such so-called `interlinked loans' can be seen as an insurance against very low disposable incomes, as interest payments are lowest when income turns out to be low. This paper examines whether interlinked loans...

A string of theoretical papers shows that the non-exclusivity of credit contracts generates important negative contractual externalities. Employing a unique dataset, we identify how these externalities affect the supply of credit. Using internal information on a creditor's willingness to lend,...

Credit derivatives are the latest in a series of innovations that have had a significant impact on credit markets. Using a micro data set of individual corporate loans, this paper explores whether use of credit derivatives is associated with an increase in bank credit supply. We find evidence...

This paper analyzes the effects of pre-lending screening on loan market outcome under oligopolistic competition. Better screening decreases loan interest margins and, provided that the average creditworthiness of borrowers is not too low, increases lending volume. We contrast specifically...

Understanding the nature of credit risk has important implications for financial stability. Since authorities notably, central banks focus on risks that have systemic implications, it is crucial to develop ways to measure these risks. The difficulty lies in finding reliable measures of aggregate...