loans for home buyers and small businesses, and restrictions on bank branching posed a high barrier to competition. Today … — leading to a 77 percent increase in the number of bank offices since the CRA's passage. Furthermore, a growing share of … their CRA evaluations — contravening the CRA's requirement that lending be consistent with bank safety and soundness. In …

This paper examines the relationship between the Community Reinvestment Act (CRA) and bank branching patterns, measured …. Between 2009 and 2017, there was a larger decline in the number of bank branches in lower-income neighborhoods than in more … factors that influence bank branching decisions, we find generally consistent evidence that the CRA is associated with a lower …

This paper analyzes how bank regulation that promotes greater access to credit impacts the financing of targeted small … of the Community Reinvestment Act (CRA). The empirical tests reveal that a CRA-induced increase in bank loans reduces … financial constraints are tighter due to low bank competition. The effect is also larger for small firms that operate in trade …

more for increases in bank lending than do changes in bankruptcy law. We attribute this finding to the different functions …