, with their effectiveness in curbing hostilities being greater in areas where conflict is active closer in time to the … development projects or peace missions. …

of the impact of conflict point to negative gross domestic product (GDP) growth of -12 percent on average over 2011 …-18, resulting in a GDP contraction to about one-third of the 2010 level. In post-conflict simulation scenarios, the growth drivers …This paper addresses three questions: 1) what would have been the growth and income trajectory of Syria in the absence …