nothing if it loses. We study a model of war with such an asymmetric payoff structure, and private information about military … win the war unless its expected military technology is considerably worse. Our model may thus explain why defending …

studying the effects of elimination vis-à-vis survival of Polish elites during World War II. Our focus is on the Polish …

This study examines the causal joint effect of a new political regime and war against Iraq on life expectancy of … Iranians for the period 1978–1988 during the revolution and war. I use a synthetic control approach to construct a synthetic … evolution of the factual Iranian life expectancy during the post-revolution period through the end of the war. I find a sizable …

-1990 representing the Cold War era, and 1991-2012, the post-Cold War era. The determinants of refugee migration over the two periods are … dynamics during the post-Cold War period. …

civil war between the Northern and Southern forces lasted for five decades with an intermission during the seventies. It … impediments that shall they face, e.g., return to war, underdeveloped region, lack of education, health and living facilities. In …

With more than ten thousand casualties, the 2014 Ukrainian war between pro-Russian separatists and the government in … the period 1995-2017, this paper quantifies the short-term causal effects of the Donbass war on Ukraine's GDP. Results … war amounts to 15.1% on average for 2013-2017. Separate analysis for the affected provinces of Donetsk and Luhansk …

nothing if it loses. We study a model of war with such an asymmetric payoff structure, and private information about military … win the war unless its expected military technology is considerably worse. Our model may thus explain why defending …

quo without arming (or unarmed peace) and open conflict (or war) that is possibly destructive. With a focus on outcomes … that are immune to both unilateral deviations and coalitional deviations, we find that, depending on war’s destructive …, but only when the configuration of parameters describing the degree of output security and the degree of war's destruction …