In numerous Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries, the global financial crisis as well as the unpegging of the foreign exchange rate of the Swiss franc (CHF) against the euro amplified the repayment troubles of households with the outstanding CHF-linked debt. In Croatia, the CHF loans...

Most Central, Eastern and Southeastern European (CESEE) countries saw a substantial rise in foreign currency lending to households during the last decade. This involved risks to macrofinancial stability, in particular because most of these borrowers were unhedged. This paper provides evidence on...

In highly dollarized banking systems, the high level of foreign currency assets or liabilities on banks' balance sheets may create a currency mismatch risk, which could lead to bank failures when faced with sudden exchange rate movements. Central banks in such economies have to adjust their...