the factors that shape the family background, we contribute to the empirical literature on the explanations of individual …

We forward the hypothesis and empirically establish that variations in the strength of family ties are rooted in … culture. In particular, we show that individualism is associated with looser family ties. We exploit the associations between …- and country-level, we find strong support that individualism reduces family ties. The estimated effects are economically …

preference intensities - which are derived from the socioeconomic actions of adults - that it socially learns from. We then show …