firm investments, proxied by total, short- and long-term investment. The results remain robust when we control for the … shift their investment from long- to short-term investment, given their unaffected credit ratings after undesirable … sovereign rating events. Conversely, firms’ investment is unaltered by the sovereign upgrades. Our findings also confirm that …

investment. Combining Italian aggregate and firm-level data, we show that firms reduced their investment and reallocated … assets can be used as collateral while intangibles cannot, thus reallocating resources towards tangible investment to offset …

credit ratings channel. Specifically, we find that firms reduce their investment and reliance on credit markets due to a …

Investment arbitrations should not happen too often, because they are costly processes for both parties. Yet they … regularly happen. Why? We investigate the hypothesis that investment arbitrations are used as a means of last resort, after …. Investment arbitration should thus tend to target countries in which certain types of political risk has materialized. In order …

This paper presents a model that measures the impact of political risk on portfolio investment when the political risks …