schooling but are by far more likely to fall below their appropriate grade. On the other hand, we find that all orphans …—regardless of cause of parental death are less likely to continue schooling and the gaps in enrollment decreases at higher levels of … household welfare status—poor orphans are significantly less likely to continue schooling. …

epidemic. Responding to these concerns, previous studies have investigated the schooling of orphans. Yet, few studies have … such a loss, and identified former orphans. Among individuals who started schooling before the Free Education Program …-orphans. We do not find a similar difference in education attainment among the younger cohorts, who started schooling after 1974 …

migration and commuting has been revealed. As a result, a rapid urbanisation process is unlikely to happen in the near future …

registration system. Identification of the impact of parental migration on children’s school performance may encounter the problem …-variable estimation, our results indicate that parents’ decisions to migrate are exogenous to their children’s schooling performance, and …

employs a unique natural experiment where some provincial governments in China liberalized migration policies for highly …

The basic neoclassical model of migration suggests that migration is induced by real income differentials across … inequality despite increased migration from poorer to richer areas. At a theoretical level, one route to addressing this … alternative route, based on a theoretical and empirical proposition of the migration literature, namely, that migration is a …

The role of migration in reducing poverty in developing countries has been investigated mainly from the perspective of … (Tanzania) traced between 1991 and 2004 have been affected by massive refugee inflows to assess how migration may affect poverty …