Increased economic turbulence leads to increases in the full employment level of unemployment. This article proposes a measure of economic turbulence using data on employment shares across broad industry categories. The effect of the business cycle on employment shares has been removed to allow...

The natural rate of unemployment changes over time as a result of structural shifts in the distribution of employment across sectors. This paper develops a Kalman filtering approach to measuring these structural shifts or turbulence. The technique is useful in distinguishing those changes in...