Up-to-date, nationally representative household income/expenditure data are crucial to estimating poverty during the COVID-19 pandemic and to policy-making more broadly, but South Africa lacks such data. We present new pandemic poverty estimates, simulating incomes in prepandemic household...

The paper discusses possible directions and magnitudes of the relationship between the social security driven tax wedge, employment and shadow employment in Russia and Ukraine. The first section presents a summary of the economic and institutional background for development of the current size...

Most of the population in the Western world lives in prosperous societies today. However, Economics, according to its traditional definition, deals with allocation of resources in conditions of scarcity. Since the pressing problems nowadays are associated with abundance rather than with...

We argue that this context of post-industrialism and welfare state restructuring affects the values of “labor” with regard to income redistribution and social insurance. Welfare values, i.e. stable preferences with regard to a desired outcome in terms of the distribution of risk and wealth...

The Work Capability Assessment governs entitlement to the Employment and Support Allowance - the social security benefit for people who are "incapable of work". It is based on rules which decide entitlement according to the combination of impairments experienced by the claimant. This paper...

The paper shows the effect of demographic change on per capita burden of financing a PAYG social security system in the standard OLG model with frictional labor markets. Rising longevity and decreasing fertility both induce a rise in the employment level via increased capital accumulation and...