so far separate strands of literature, on women's alleged greater tolerance for lower wages ("contented female worker … paradox"), and on perceived discrimination among ethnic minorities ("integration paradox"). Empirically, we depart from … previous studies by not simply assessing whether women are as likely as men to perceive their pay as unfair. Instead, we use an …

attach their picture to their résumé. High levels of discrimination were found particularly against the migrant wearing a …

businesses. Discrimination against women is widespread and overt: about half (51%) of establishments directly admit that they … randomization technique, we can rule out that discrimination against women is heavily stigmatized in Egypt, meaning that …We study discrimination in hiring and its associated outcomes for the discriminators using a unique survey of Egyptian …