This is a study of the role of Para rubber cultivation in a system of swidden agriculture in Indonesian Borneo. Such "smallholdings" produce most of Indonesia's rubber, which is the country's third largest generator of foreign exchange. Rubber integrates well into Bornean systems of swidden...

The most problematic characteristic of the tropical forest for many swidden cultivators is the uncertainty of rainfall, pest invasions, etc. Field research in West Kalimantan suggests that this uncertainty is best dealt with not by analysis and prediction but by emulation through...